vivek kumar gaurab rollno 43 motion and improvement of food resources

                                                        Motion                

 when an object move from one place to another place with the respect of time             :

                       Is called motion.

                                  Distance :

1. it is the total path covered by a moving object.
2. It is denoted by ‘s’ and its unit is metre.
3. It is scalar quantity.

                               Speed: 

1. speed is the distance covered by an object per unit time .
2. Speed is denoted by ‘v’
3. s.i unit of speed is m/s
4. it is scalar quantity. And speed =distance /time

                       Displacement :

1.  it is the shortest distance between the final point to intinal point .
2. it is the vector quantity .
3. s.i unit of displacement =m/s.

                         velocity :

1. it is defined as displacement per unit time.
2. velocity is denoted by “V”
3. velocity is a vector quantity
4. s.i unit of velocity is m/s

                     acceleration :

1. it is defined as the rate of change of velocity.
2. Acceleration  =v-u/t
3. Si unit of acceleration is m/s2

                       Retardation:

1.  retardation is the change in velocity per unit time when the intinal velocity is more than the final velocity.
2. s.i unit is m/s2

                       equation of motion

1. v=u+at
2. s=ut+1/2at2
3. v2=u2-2as

Example

Q; the break applied to a car produce acceleration of 6ms2in the opposite direction to the motion .

if the car take 2s tostop after the application of brake . calculate the distance during this time.

Ans given
A=6m/s2
V=o,t= 2s
According to the first equation of motion
V=u+at
O=u+6*2 ,u=12
Acccortion to the second equation of the motion
S=utr+at2
     =24-12
     =12m

Q : a car accelerate uniformly 18km/h to 36km/h in 5s calculate acceleration and distance?

Ans u=18km/h, v=36km/h ,t= 5s

 From first eqation of motionV=u+at10=5+5a10-5=5aA= 5/5According to the  2^nd equation of motionS=ut+at2   =25+1/2*25    25+12.5=37.5m

Q  a train started from rest to attain a velocity of 72km /h in 5 min. find acceleration and distance?
Ans u=om/s

        V=72km/h
       T= 5miin
According to the firs t equation of motion
V=u+at
20=0+300a
300a=20
A=20/300
1/15
According to the 2^nd equation of motion.
S=ut+1/2at2
   =o*300+1/2*1/5*300
  3000m

3km

6. A car accelerates uniformly from 18 km h–1 to 36 km h–1 in 5 s. Calculate (i) the acceleration and
(ii) the distance covered by the car in that time.

ANS- U= 18 km h-1 = 5 m s-1 , V= 36 km h-1 = 10 m s-1 , t = 5 s
     (i) a = V-U   =  10-5 =  1  m s-2
                   t            5        
     (ii) by II nd equation of motion
           S= ut + 1/2 at*2
           S= 5X5 + 1/2 X 1 X 25
           S= 25 + 12.5 = 37.5 m

7. The brakes applied to a car produce an acceleration of 6 m s-2 in the opposite direction to the             motion. If the car takes 2 s to stop after the application of brakes, calculate the distance it travels         during this time.

ANS- a = -6 m s-2 , t = 2 sec , V= 0 m s-2
          by I st equation of motion
          V=U+at
          0= U+(-12)
          0=U-12
          U= 12 m s-1
         
         by II nd equation of motion
         S= ut + 1/2 at*2
         S= 12X2 + 1/2 X -6 X 4
         S= 24 - 12 = 12 m

DISTANCE TIME GRAPH

            Improvement in food

Resources

1.       Plant2.       Animal

Production of plant that we obtain as food                     

·         Cereals=give carbohydrates

·         Pulse=give protein

·         Fruit and vegetable = give mineral and vitamin

The activity which involved in improving crop production

·         Crop variety improvement
·         Crop production improvement
·         Crop protection improvement

Crop variety improvement

·         Higher yield
·         Improvement in quality
·         Biotic and  abiotic resistance

·         Change in maturity duration=the duration of crop should be shorter  . so that gap between the sowing the harvest is less which make the crop yield economic

·         Wider adaptability=the crop should be raised in such a manner that a plant variety can adapt to the environment and climatic condition.

Crop production management

·         Nutrient management=nutrient are supplied to plant through air water and soil .there are 16nutrient which are essential to plant .air supply carbon and oxygen . water supplies hydrogen.

Soil supplies rest of nutrient.
Out  13 nutrient 6 are require in large amount is known as macron nutrient.and 7 are require in small quantity is micron nutrient.

·         Manure=it is prepared by decomposition of animal excetra and plant waste.

Manure is classified into compost and vermicompost.
Compost=compost is formed in the field by diging a pit and filling it with animal waste and plant .
Vermicompost=the compost is prepared by using red worm to hasten the process of decomposition.
Green manure =in the field the plant are grown like sun hemp
And gaur and the field are ploughed in it.these plant mix with the soil and converted into manure.

·         Fertilizer=are commercially produced nutrient specific chemical which are produced in factory.they supplied potassium nitrogen and phaphosrous.

·         Irrigation=irrigation is the process of watering plant.

1.       Dug well=the water is collect from the lower starta of the earth.

2.       Tube well=the water is  collect from the deeper starta of te earth .

3.       Canal=it take water from the river and are divded into many branch.

4.       Water lift system=in this system the water is directly lifted from the river .

5.       Tanks=are small reservore which are the catchment of run of water.                   

·         Crop pattern=different type of the crop are grown in the same piece of land to get the maximum benefit.

1.       Mixed crop=different type  of crop grown in the same piece of land.

2.       Inter cropping=it is the growing of different in definite pattern.