DATE-8/09/16 ABHISHEK SINGH ROLL.NO.25

                                  

QUESTION  AND  ANSWER

Q 1) AN OBJECT EXPERIENCES   A NET ZERO EXTERNAL UNBALANCED FORCE. IS IT POSSIBLE FOR OBJECT TO BE TRAVELLING WITH A NON ZERO VELOCITY? IF YES, STATE THE CONDITIONS THAT MUST BE PLACED ON THE MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION OF THE VELOCITY.  IF NO, PROVIDE A REASON.

ANS 1) YES AN OBJECT MAY TRAVEL WITH A  NON ZERO VELOCITY EVEN WHEN THE NET EXTERNAL FORCE ON IT IS ZERO. A RAIN DROP FALLS DOWN WITH A CONSTANT VELOCITY. THE WEIGHT OF THE DROP IS BALANCED BY THE UPTHRUST AND THE VISCOSITY OF AIR. THE NET FORCE DROP FROM THE ZERO.

Q 2) WHEN WE BEAT THE CARPET WITH A STICK, IT DUST COMES INTO THE OF IT.  EXPLAIN, WHY?
WHEN WE BEAT A CARPET WITH STICK , IT COMES TO MOTION. B UT THE DUST PARTICLES CONTINUE TO AT REST DUE TO THE INERTIA AND GET DETACHED FROM THE CARPET.

Q 3) WHY IS  IT ADVISED TO TIE ANY LUGGAGE KEPT  ON THE ROOF OF A BUS WITH  A ROPE?
DUE TO SUDDEN JERKS OR DUE TO THE BUS TAKING SHARP TURN TO THE ROAD, THE LUGGAGE MAY FALL  DOWN FROM THE ROOF BECAUSE OF  ITS TENDENCY  TO CONTINUE MOVING IN THE ORIGINAL DIRECTION. TO AVOID THIS., THE LUGGAGE IS TIED WITH THE A ROAP ON THE ROOF.

Q 4) A BATSMAN HITS A CRICKET BALL WHICH  THEN ROLLS ON A  LEVEL GROUND. AFTER COVERING A SHORT DISTANCE , THE BALL COMES TO REST. THE BNALL HARD ENOUGH
ANS)  THERE IS THE FORCE ON THE BALL OPPOSING THE MOTION.
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SOUBHAGYA , ROLL NO 18 CHAPTER= MOTION

                               NAME-SOUBHAGYA SINGH   ROLL=18

CHAPTER MOTION

QUESTION AND ANSWER

.

SHUBHAM KUMAR ROLL NO 56

TISSUES

QUESTION  AND  ANSWER

Q1) DEFINE THE TERM TISSUES?

 A TISSUES IS A GROUP OR COLLECTION OF SIMILAR OR DISIMILAR CELLS WHICH WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A PARTICULAR FUNCTION CELLS OF A TISSUES HAVE COMMON ORIGIN.

Q2) HOW MANY TYPES OF ELEMENTS TOGETHER MAKE UP THE XYLEM TISSUES? NAME THEM.

XYLEM  IS A COMPLEX TISSUE. IT MADE UP THE FOLLOWING FOUR KINDS OF CELL

1. TRACHEIDS

2. VESSELS

3. XYLEM PARENCHYMA

4.XYLEM FIBRES.

Q3)HOW ARE SIMPLE TISSUE IS DIFFERENT FROM COMPLEX TISSUE IN PLANT?

A SIMPLE TISSUE IS MADE UP OF ONE TYPE OF CELL AND COMPLEX TISSUE IS MADE UP OF MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF CELL.

Q4) DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN PARENCHYMA, COLLENCHYMA AND SCLERENCHYMA ON THE BASIS OF THIER CELL WALL?

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PARENCHYMA , COLLENCHYMA AND SCERENCHYMA ON  THE BASIS ON IT THE CELL WALL.

PARENCHYAM CELL

1. PARENCHYMA CELL. WALL IS PRIMARY

2. PARENCHYAM ARE THIN AND MADE UP OF CELLULOS.

-f 1.CELL WALL IS PRIMARY.

2. CELL WALL WAS LOCALISED. THICKENING OF CELLULOSE.

SCERENCHYMA CELL

 1.CELL WALL IS SECONDARY.

2.CELL WALL IS VERY THICK.

Q5)WHAT ARE THE FUNCTION OF STOMATA?

THE IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF STOMATA ARE:

1. EXCHANGE OF GASES WITH ATMOSPHERE, E.G., ENTRY OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND OF OXYGEN FOR RESPIRATION.

2. TRANSPIRATION,I.E., LOSS OF WATER IN THE FORM OF WATER VAPOUR

Q7) WHAT ARE THE SPECIFIC FUNCTION OF THE CARDIAC MUSCLE?

CARDIAC MUSCLE IS PRESENT IN THE HEART. IT CONTRACTS  AND RELAXES RAPIDLY AND CONTINUOUSLY WITH A RHYTHM, BUT IT NEVER GETS FATIGUED.

Q8) DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN STRIATED,  UNSTRIATED AND MUSCLE ON THE BASIS OF THEIR STRUCTURE AND SITE/ LOCATION IN THE BODY?
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE ARE:
STRIATED MUSCLE

1. THE CELLS OF STRIATED MUSCLES ARE LONG, CYLINDRICAL UNBRANCHED AND MULTINUCLEATED.
2. STRIATED MUSCLES ARE PRESENT IN OUR LIMBS AND JOIN THE BONES.
UNSTRIATED MUSCLE
1. THE CELLS OF UNSTRIATED MUSCLE ARE LONG, POINTED AT THE ENDS AND UNNUCLEATED.
2.THESE MUSCLES ARE PRESENT IN ALIMENTARY CANAL, BLOOD VESSELS, IRIS OF THE EYE, URETER AND BRONCHI.
CARDIAC MUSCLE
1. THE CELLS OF CARDIAC MUSCLEWS  ARE CYLINDRICAL BRANCHED AND UNINUCLEATED.
2. CARDIAC MUSCLE PRESENT IN THE HEART.

Q10) NAME THE FOLLOWING:
A)TISSUE THAT FORMS INNER LINING OF OUR MONTH.
B)TISSUE THAT CONNECTS MUSCLE TO BONE IN HUMANS.
C)TISSUE THAT TRANSPORTS FOOD IN THE PLANTS.
D)TISSUE THAT STORES FAT IN OUR BODY.
E)CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH A FLUID  MARTIX.
F)TISSUE PRESENT IN THE BRAIN.
A)SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
B)TENDON
C)PHLOEM
D)ADIPOSE TISSUE
E)VASCULAR TISSUE
F)NERVOUS TISSUE

ABHISHEK.SINGH ROLL.NO.25

Exercise

Q1 define the term tissue
Ans - A tissue is a group of cell that are similar in structure and organized together to perform a specific task

Q2- How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue ?name them.
Ans- There are four different type of cells that make up the xylem tissue. They are
(1)tracheids
(2)vessels
(3) xylem parenchyma
(4) xylem fibers

Q3- How are simple tissue is different from complex tissue in plants
Ans- simple tissue:-(1) These tissue consists of only one type of cell
(2) The cell are more or less similar in structure and performed similar function
(3) Three type of simple tissue in plants are parenchyma collenchyma and sclerenchyma

Complex tissue:-(1) Tissue are made up of more than one type of cell
(2) The different type of cell perform different function for example in the xylem tissue tracheid help in water transport whereas parenchyma store food
(3)Two type of complex permanent tissue xylem and pholem
-
Q4-Differentiate between parenchyma collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall
Ans-parenchyma - (1) cell wall are relatively thin and the cell in parenchyma tissue are lossely packed
(2) The cell wall in this tissue is made up of cellulose

ABHISHEK.SINGH ROLL.NO.25

TISSUES

QUESTION  AND  ANSWER

Q1) DEFINE THE TERM TISSUES?

 A TISSUES IS A GROUP OR COLLECTION OF SIMILAR OR DISIMILAR CELLS WHICH WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A PARTICULAR FUNCTION CELLS OF A TISSUES HAVE COMMON ORIGIN.

Q2) HOW MANY TYPES OF ELEMENTS TOGETHER MAKE UP THE XYLEM TISSUES? NAME THEM.

XYLEM  IS A COMPLEX TISSUE. IT MADE UP THE FOLLOWING FOUR KINDS OF CELL

1. TRACHEIDS

2. VESSELS

3. XYLEM PARENCHYMA

4.XYLEM FIBRES.

Q3)HOW ARE SIMPLE TISSUE IS DIFFERENT FROM COMPLEX TISSUE IN PLANT?

A SIMPLE TISSUE IS MADE UP OF ONE TYPE OF CELL AND COMPLEX TISSUE IS MADE UP OF MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF CELL.

Q4) DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN PARENCHYMA, COLLENCHYMA AND SCLERENCHYMA ON THE BASIS OF THIER CELL WALL?

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PARENCHYMA , COLLENCHYMA AND SCERENCHYMA ON  THE BASIS ON IT THE CELL WALL.

PARENCHYAM CELL

1. PARENCHYMA CELL. WALL IS PRIMARY

2. PARENCHYAM ARE THIN AND MADE UP OF CELLULOS.

-f 1.CELL WALL IS PRIMARY.

2. CELL WALL WAS LOCALISED. THICKENING OF CELLULOSE.

SCERENCHYMA CELL

 1.CELL WALL IS SECONDARY.

2.CELL WALL IS VERY THICK.

Q5)WHAT ARE THE FUNCTION OF STOMATA?

THE IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF STOMATA ARE:

1. EXCHANGE OF GASES WITH ATMOSPHERE, E.G., ENTRY OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND OF OXYGEN FOR RESPIRATION.

2. TRANSPIRATION,I.E., LOSS OF WATER IN THE FORM OF WATER VAPOUR

Q7) WHAT ARE THE SPECIFIC FUNCTION OF THE CARDIAC MUSCLE?

CARDIAC MUSCLE IS PRESENT IN THE HEART. IT CONTRACTS  AND RELAXES RAPIDLY AND CONTINUOUSLY WITH A RHYTHM, BUT IT NEVER GETS FATIGUED.

SOUBHAGYA SINGH  

ROLL NO:18

                                                        TISSUES

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Q1 DEFINE THE TERM TISSUES?

A TISSUES IS A GROUP OR COLLECTION OF SIMILAR OR DISIMILAR CELLS WHICH WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A PARTICULAR FUNCTION CELLS OF A TISSUES HAVE COMMON ORIGIN.

   

                                            

ABHISHEK.SINGH ROLL.NO.25

                                            CHAPTER 5 THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE CELL

QUESTION  AND ANSWER

QUES 1} MAKE A COMPARISON AND WRITE DOWN WAYS IN WHICH PLANT  CELL ARE DIFFERENT ANIMAL CELL?
ANS}THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL ARE-
PLANT CELL
1. PLANT CELL ARE LARGER THAN ANIMAL CELL.
2. PLASTIDS ARE PRESENT.
3. PLANT CELL LACK CENTROSOME AND CENTRIOLES.
4.PLANT CELL HAVE  MANY SIMPLER UNITS OF GOLGI APPARATUS, CALLED DICTYOSOMES.

ANIMAL CELL
1. ANIMAL CELL ARE GENERALLY SMALL IN SIZE.
2.PLASTIDS ARE ABSENT.
3.ANIMAL CELL HAVE CENTROSOME AND CENTRIOLES.
4.ANIMAL CELL HAVE SINGLE HIGHLY COMPLEX AND PROMINENT GOLGI APPARATUS.

QUES 2} HOW IS A PROKARYOTIC CELL IS DIFFERENT FROM EUKARYOTIC CELL?
ANS}THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROKARYOTIC CELL AND EUKARYOTIC CELL ARE-
PROKARYOTIC CELL
1.SIZE OF A CELL ARE GENERALLY SMALL(1-10 mm)
2.IT CONTAINS SINGLE CHROMOSOME.
3. NUCLEOLUS IS ABSENT.
EUKARYOTIC CELL  
1.SIZE OFCELL ARE GENERALLY LARGE (5-100 mm)
2.IT CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE CHROMOSOME.
3.NUCLEOLUS IS PRESENT.

QUES 3.} WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE RUPTURES OR BREAK DOWN? 
ANS} THE CELL PLASMA MEMBRANE IS SELETIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE  OF  THAT MAINTAIN  ITS HOMEOSTASIS, EXAMPLE CONSTANT INTERNAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL. IF IT RUPTURES OR BREAKDOWN THE CONSTANT INTERNAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL WILL BE LOST AND IT WILL NOT BE ABLE TO PERFORM ITS BASIC FUNCTION.

QUES 4}  WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO THE CELL IF THERE WAS NO GOLGI APPARATUS?
ANS} THERE WOULD NOT BE ANY LYSOSON FOR INTERCELLUAR  DIGESTION AND CLEANING, NOT COMPLEXING OF  MOLECULES, NO EXOCYTOSIS  AND NO FORMATION OF  NEW PLASMA MEMBRANE.

QUES 5}WHICH ORGANELLE IS KNOWN AS POWERHOUSE OF  THE CELL?
ANS}MITOCHONDRION IS KNOWN AS POWERHOUSE OF CELL BECAUSE IT CONTAINS ENZYMES THAT ARE NEEDED FOR STEPWISE OXIDATION OF FOOD STUFFS PRESENT IN THE CELL TO  CO 2 AND WATER. OXIDATION OF FOOD RELEASES  ENERGY WHICH IS USED  TO FORM HIGH ENERGY ATP MOLECULES.

QUES  6] WHERE DO THE LIPIDS AND PROTEINS CONSTITUTING THE CELL MEMBRANE GET SYNTHESIZED?
ANS} PROTEINS ARE SYNTHESIZED IN RIBOSOMES  OF ROUGH ER WHILE   LIPIDS ARE SYNTHESIZED OVER SMOOTH ER.

QUES 7} HOW DOES AN AMOEBA OBTAIN ITS FOOD?
ANS}AMOEBA IS UNICELLUAR ANIMAL. IT ACQUIRES ITS FOOD  THE PROCESS OF ENDOCYTOSIS.  BY PLASMA MEMBRANE OF AMOEBA IS FLEXIBLE WITH ITS HELP AMOEBA ENGULFS FOOD PARTICLES.  THE ENGULFED FOOD PARTICLES PASSES INTO THE BODY OF ORGANISMS AS PHAGOSOME.

QUES 8}  WHAT IS OSMOSIS?
ANS ]OSMOSIS IS DIFFUSION OF WATER FROM THE REGION OF ITS HIGHER CONCENTRATION TO REGION OF ITS  LOWER CONCENTRATION.

THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE CELL

SOUBHAGYA SINGH

ROLL NO=18

                                   CHAPTER5-THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

QUESTION AND ANSWER-

QUES) MAKE A  COMPARISON AND WRITE DOWN WAYS IN WHICH PLANT CELLS ARE DIFFERENT FROM ANIMAL CELLS?

ANS) THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN  PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL ARE=

PLANT CELL

1. PLANT CELLS ARE LARGER THAN ANIMAL CELL.
2. PLASTIDS ARE PRESENT.

     3. PLANT CELL LACK CENTROSOME AND CENTRIOLES. 

     4. THE PLASMA MEMBRANE OF PLANT CELL IS SURROUNDED BY A RIGID CELL WALL OF CELLULOSE.

ANIMAL CELL

    1. ANIMAL CELL ARE GENERALLY SMALL IN SIZE.

   2. EXCEPT THE PROTOZOAN EUGLENA, NO ANIMAL CELL POSSESSES PLATIDS.
   3.  ANIMAL CELLS HAVE CENTROSOME AND CENTRIOLES.
   4.CELL WALL IS  ABSENT.

QUES) HOW IS A PROKARYOTIC CELL DIFFERENT FROM A EUKARYOTIC CELL?
ANS) THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PROKARYOTIC CELL AND EUKARYOTIC CELL=
PROKARYOTIC CELL

1. SIZE OF A CELL IS GENERALLY SMALL(1-10mm)
2. IT CONTAINS SINGLE CHROMOSOME.
3. NUCLEOLUS IS ABSENT.

     4. MEMBRANE BOUND CELL ORGANELLES ARE ABSENT.

EUKARYOTIC CELL

1. SIZE OF CELL IS GENERALLY LARGE(5-100mm)
2. IT CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE CHROMOSOME.

     3. NUCLEOLOUS IS PRESENT.
     4.MEMBRANE BOUND CELL ORGANELLES SUCH AS MITOCHONDRIA, GOLGI APPARATUS, LYSOSOMES ARE PRESENT.

QUES)WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE RUPTURES OR BREAKS DOWN?
ANS) PLASMA MEMBRANE IS SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE OF THE CELL THAT MAINTAIN ITS HOMEOSTASIS, EXAMPLE= CONSTANT INTERNAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL. IF IT RUPTURES OR BREAKDOWN THE CONSTANT INTERNAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL WHICH BE LOST AND IT WILL BE ABLE TO PERFORM ITS BASIC FUNCTION. SUCH A CELL WITH RUPTURED PLASMA MEMBRANE IS KILLED.

QUES)  WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO THE LIFE OF CELL IF THERE WAS NO GOLGI APPARATUS?
ANS) THEY WOULD NOT BE ANY LYSOSOME FOR INTERCELLULAR DIGESTION AND CLEANSING, NOT COMPLEXING OF MOLECULES, NO EXOCTOSIS AND NO FORMATION OF NEW PLASMA MEMBRANE

QUES) WHICH ORGANELLE IS KNOWN AS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL? WHY?
ANS)MITOCHONDRION IS KNOWN AS THE  POWERHOUSE  OF THE CELL BECAUSE IT CONTAINS ENZYMES THAT ARE NEEDED FOR STEPWISE OXIDATION OF FOOD STUFFS PRESENT IN THE CELLS TO CO2 AND WATER. OXIDATION OF FOOD RELEASES ENERGY WHICH IS USED TO PERFORM HIGH ENERGY WHICH IS USED TO PERFORM- ENERGY STORED IN ATP IS USED TO BRING ABOUT ENERGY REQUIRING ACTIVITIES OF CELL SUCH AS PHOTOSYNTHESIS,PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MUSCLE CONTRACTION.

QUES) WHERE DO THE LIPIDS AND PROTEINS CONSTITUTING THE CELL MEMBRANE GET SYNTHESIZED?
ANS)PROTEINS ARE SYNTHESIZED IN RIBOSOMES OF ROUGH ER WHILE LIPIDS  ARE SYNTHESIZED OVER SMOOTH ER.

QUES)  HOW DOES AN AMOEBA OBTAIN IT'S FOOD?
ANS)AMOEBA IS UNICELLULAR ANIMAL. IT ACQUIRES ITS FOOD BY THE PROCESS OF ENDOCYTOSIS. PLASMA MEMBRANE OF AMOEBA IS FLEXIBLE WITH ITS HELP AMOEBA ENGUFLS FOOD PARTICLES. THE ENGULFED FOOD PARTICLE PASSES INTO THE BODYOF ORGANISMS AS A PHAGOSOME. PHAGOSOME COMBINES WITH LYSOSOME TO PRODUCE DIGESTIVEOR FOOD VACUOLE .DIGESTION OCCURS IN FOOD VACUOLE. THE DIGESTED FOOD PASSES INTO SURROUNDING CYTOPLASM. THE UNDIGESTED MATTER IS THROWN OUT OF THE CELL.

OUES) WHAT IS OSMOSIS?
ANS)OSMOSIS IS DIFFUSION OF WATER FROM THE REGION OF ITS HIGHER CONCENTRATION (PURE WATER OR DILUTE SOLUTIONS) TO THE REGION OF ITS LOWER  CONCENTRATION (STRONG SOLUTION) THROUGH A SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE.

OUES) CARRY OUT THE FOLLOWING OSMOSIS EXPERIMENT:
TAKE FOUR PEELED POTATO HALVES AND SCOOP EACH ONE OUT TO MAKE POTATO CUPS.ONE OF THESE POTATO CUPS SHOULD BE MADE FROM FROM A BOILED POTATO. PUT EACH POTATO CUP INTO A THROUGH CONTAINING WATER. 
NOW
(a)KEEP CUP A EMPTY;
(b)PUT ONE  TEASPOON SUGAR IN CUP B;
(c)PUT ONE TEASPOON  SALT IN CUP C;
(d)PUT ONE TEASPOON SUGAR IN BOILED POTATO CUP D;
KEEP THESE FOR 2 HOURS. THEN OBSERVE THE FOUR POTATO CUPS AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:
1)EXPLAIN WHY WATER GATHERS IN THE HOLLOWED PORTION OF B AND C.
2)WHY IS POTATO